Truly Incredible India !

The great scientist Albert Einstein once said "We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been possible..."

Let me quote the words of the world famous English literary genius Mark Twain "India is the cradle of human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, the great grandmother of tradition..."

India is the land where culture echoes; tradition speaks; beauty enthralls; diversity delights..yes she is a timeless mystery ! A vivid kaleidoscope of landscapes, cultures, religions, history, people... "Loka samastha sukhino bhavanthu"...let the entire universe live in everlasting happiness and peace..thousands of years ago, the only land where this unique mantra was chanted which reverberated all over the world? That was my India; our beloved India.

How amazing is her diversity! From the infinite and eternal snows of the Himalayas to the golden sands of Kanyakumari, from the arid desert expanses of the West to the deltas of the East, from the dryness of the central plates to the cool forest foothills...from the mighty Brahmaputra to the serene Periyar in the South.. This is the land blessed by great saints Jaina, Budha, Sri Sankara and Guru Nanak.

This is the land which was ruled by great emperors Asoka, Harsha and Akbar. This is the land where great writers Valmiki, Vyasa, Kalidasa, Aswagosha, Tulsidas and Kabirdas lived. Here only lived great scientists Aryabhatta, Varahamihira, Ramanujam, C V Raman and Vikram Sara Bhai.

This is the land which educated the world through its great universities Taxila and Nalandha. Yes this is the land which was liberated by Gandhiji by using a new weapon, Ahimsa. Ours is the only country in the world which accepted and imbibed the ethos of all great religions; the only country which said "Vasudhaiva Kudumbakam-the Entire Universe is One Family" For us the so-called modernists our world still remains as a global village! What a variety of festivals we have! Divali, Holi, Eid, Dasarrah, Christmas, Mahavir Jayanthi, Guru Pooja, Naga Panchami,Shivarathri..The beauty of Indian Culture lies in the spirit of tolerance. It can be compared to a garden of flowers of various colours and shades while maintaining their own entity. Let’s speak about the Modern India !

We are a rising super power, a force the world will have to reckon with. We are poised for a massive upturn in economic and social growth. It’s time for India to come out and say to the world: Look, I am strong in number of people, culture, economic strength and military strength with indigenous high-tech infrastructure and our supreme position in information technology sector. You five old good boys.open your eyes and say welcome to us...

Yes India is incredible and really unstoppable...!!

Two Extremes In Bollywood Cinema !

Just had the priviledge of watching two of the most hyped Bollywood movies after "Rang De Basanti"...While I really do admire directors like Rakesh Mehra and Vishal Bharadwaj for making movies like "Rang De .." and "Omkara"...I really do feel for the continual fooling of the audience by Karan Johar and co. through their candy floss romance, exotic locales, "rona dhona" and hippy songs...!!

Kunal Kohli's "Fanaa" could have been better...But I dont blame the actors...Both Kajol and Aamir were at their best but the script was loose...As for "KANK", for those of you who haven't seen the movie..My simple advice would be - "Please Don't Go"...You wont be able to sustain it...If you like the songs so much because of the scenic locales...get the DVD !!

As for the cast I think Shahrukh needs a break from his stereotype roles...Wont last him long !!

Coming back to the other movie that I saw "Omkara"..Its a classic told in a very rustic way and holds the audience till the very end...Its an adaptation of Shakespeare's "Othello"...and a very good one at that..I know some of you wont like the dialogues in the movie...But hey that is originality at its clinical best...How else do you want criminals to talk...!!

All in all I have seen the worst and the best of commercial Bollywood Cinema !!...And I do feel we should move on...Movie makers should start focussing on serious cinema like "Rang De.." and "Omkara" rather than fooling audiences !!

As far as meaningful cinema goes...Keep checking this blog for my views on some of the well made Crossover and Off-Beat Hinglish Movies !!

N R N - I am an Old Man in a Hurry !

N R Narayana Murthy symbolises what good education coupled with good middle-class values can achieve. Infosys, the company Murthy built, is now 25 years old and is a name synonymous with resurgent India. He has achieved what he had set out to achieve. So, what next? CNN-IBN’s Anuradha SenGupta finds out in an interview with the visionary entrepreneur.

Anuradha SenGupta: What has life been like since you took up a role which, to quote you, was "to add value in a different dimension"?
N R Narayana Murthy: Well, because I go and connect with academics, corporate leaders and give talks in various conferences, I add value to the company in raising its brand equity and connecting it with prospects.

Anuradha SenGupta: You are the best brand ambassador that Infosys has had in its 25 years. Isn't it?

N R Narayana Murthy: I wouldn't say that. I think Nandan has done a good job and so have others.

Anuradha SenGupta: If you talk about any brand that Shah Rukh Khan endorses, his image emerges with that brand. Infosys has your image likewise. So that makes you a brand ambassador. Doesn't it?

N R Narayana Murthy: All of us are together in different dimensions. Each one of us contributes, perhaps, in a significant manner. But at the end of the day, Infosys brand is the sum total of all of these.

Anuradha SenGupta: If one were to say that conceptualising and taking Infosys to a certain level has been Volume One in Narayana Murthy's life, what would Volume Two be?

N R Narayana Murthy: Volume Two perhaps would be me spending more time reading, spending more time in activities that would involve primarily me. But, of course, I will continue to be the Executive Chairman of Infosys.

Anuradha SenGupta: What is the one big concern that you have for the Indian society, not to mention India as a country, and the way it is run?

N R Narayana Murthy: As a person who travels quite a lot outside India, I do see a stark difference and I also feel that given all the potential that India has, we could do things better and faster.

Anuradha SenGupta: You are sounding calm now, but I am beginning to perceive you as an angry old man. Are you angry?

N R Narayana Murthy: I am not angry. I am an old man in a hurry, frankly. In Infosys too, all my deadlines are generally in hours. And given that I am used to that, my children also make fun of me, saying 'you should never discuss anything with father because he will go and do it quickly'.
And if you ask me, I am obviously in a hurry. I want things done very fast. Being in a large, pluralistic country, it is not always easy to make progress, particularly when we have a coalition government. I think I am learning.

Anuradha SenGupta: There are peers in your industry who do not take a stand unless made mandatory by the company, while there are people in other industries who are completely quiet. What makes you talk and ask them to do things?

N R Narayana Murthy: I look upon myself as a citizen and we are living in a democratic country. In a democratic country, any citizen can stand up and voice his or her views and that is what I am doing.

Anuradha SenGupta: I believe everybody respects what you have to say. But what about the case of Cassandra?

N R Narayana Murthy: In the corporate world, we have a belief that people should follow the value system of the company and they should be constantly reminded of it. The message has to be given on every occasion possible. Similarly, I intend to articulate things that need to be done in this country time and again. There is nothing wrong with that.

Anuradha SenGupta: When you are a businessman, it is very hard not to be seen as some with vested interests and agendas. How did you manage to create an image of being seen as detached with all these issues?

N R Narayana Murthy: I have always insisted on a good corporate policy to maximise shareholder's value while ensuring fairness to all of the stakeholders, including our customers, our employees, our investors and the government of the society. Fairness is extremely important to all of those at Infosys.

Anuradha SenGupta: When we think of Mumbai, two-three people come to mind. Likewise, when we think of Bangalore, the first name that comes to mind is N R Narayana Murthy. Are you proud of the fact?

N R Narayana Murthy: Thank you. And yes I am proud of it. Because my parents hailed from Bangalore and I have lived a large part of my life here. I studied in Mysore, which is near Bangalore, and I am surely proud of it.

Anuradha SenGupta: Is there some other reason of you being proud?

N R Narayana Murthy: Given the fact that we have transformed Bangalore from a sleepy town to a vibrant hi-tech city in just a span of 20 years, I do think that we can go even further in our persuasion. We can do a lot more.

Anuradha SenGupta: Is there a feeling of resentment that you have towards the IT industry
and what it has done to Bangalore?

N R Narayana Murthy: No. I think the new chief minister is very positive and enthusiastic about Bangalore being a better city for all the residents, including the IT people. He has been taking quick decisions and he has been meeting people. And I think there is a new sense of confidence, a new sense of bringing about confirmation definitely in Bangalore.

Anuradha SenGupta: For someone who is aware and concerned about the fact that we live in a pluralistic society in which there are so many divides already, do you feel that the IT industry's success has also resulted in facilitating those divides?

N R Narayana Murthy: Well, it is understandable that people perceive so because our people get good salaries and a good disposable income. They wear good clothes and they buy new cars.

Anuradha SenGupta: You said, "There are people in the IT industry who, when they get into the offices, work with first world aspirations and against first world competitors. But from the moment they get out, they are back in the third world." Why do you think so?

N R Narayana Murthy: Yes, absolutely. We have this tremendous challenge. Every morning, we leave the warm embryo of our homes, we go through the traffic and see a lot of pollution and poverty. But once we enter the office in a jiffy, we are asked to transform ourselves to first world people to satisfy the demands of the most demanding customers of the first world. And then we do the reverse thing in the evening. It is a tough process that way.

Anuradha SenGupta: Was that contradiction a dichotomy contributing to the divide between the IT industry 'haves' and 'have nots', which are the rest?

N R Narayana Murthy: The reason why people perceive that IT people or the rich people who are not concerned about the poor is simply because these people get good salaries, good disposable incomes, they go to good restaurants, wear good clothes and buy cars while the majority of the country cannot afford all of that. So, it is normal that the majority in some sense resent the IT people. It is for us to conduct ourselves better and also involve ourselves in some ways of reaching out to the poor people.

Anuradha SenGupta: Is that one of the reasons that you so proactively maintain this profile?

N R Narayana Murthy: We have to increase capitalism if we have to create more jobs, if we have to solve the problem of poverty. So it is very important that those of us in the corporate world conduct ourselves in a manner ordinary and normal that people don't keep a distance from us. So I personally believe that we need to make an effort to lead a simple life.

Anuradha SenGupta: This is something you believe in. You have two children who are studying abroad. Do they imbibe your opinion unquestionably?

N R Narayana Murthy: You know youth is when you need to experiment with new things, when you need to be open to new ideas and when you need pluralism. You become mature later on and then you can think of these things.

Anuradha SenGupta: As a young man also, you were reasonably austere. Wasn't it?

N R Narayana Murthy: I was because we were forced to be. Because we had no money. But it is not so in case of my children. But I must say by and large they are fairly austere without me imposing on them. I am fair to them. However, they have to find the value of these things themselves.

Anuradha SenGupta: We all work for small indulgences. What is your indulgence?

N R Narayana Murthy: I buy lots of CDs, VCDs and books. My father had told me that you should cultivate those habits which require less money. We spent most our times in small towns in Karnataka. We would go to a park and listen to film songs in the radio in the evenings and that surely did not cost us any money.

Anuradha SenGupta: Now that you have money, what are your indulgences?

N R Narayana Murthy: I buy a lot of technology gadgets. I have the latest iPod, the latest telephone and I replace my laptop once in three months.

Anuradha SenGupta: It is nice to know that you have some indulgences. Otherwise, you become too tough a role model. Isn't it?

N R Narayana Murthy: Yes, I do. In fact, we have a competition between my colleagues -- Kris, Shibu -- and me as to who has the latest and the modern gadget.

Anuradha SenGupta: What do you usually read?

N R Narayana Murthy: Unfortunately, I enjoy reading books on mathematics, physics and a little bit of computer science, but not much.

Anuradha SenGupta: Have there been books which have influenced you to be who you are
today?

N R Narayana Murthy: I think very clearly the Feynman Lectures in physics was a powerful influence and I have always liked them. History Of Mathematics has also been a very powerful influence for me.

Anuradha SenGupta: What about all the wonderful fiction? Do you read fiction?

N R Narayana Murthy: I do not read fiction at all.

Anuradha SenGupta: How many of Sudha Murthy's books have you read? She is also considered a prolific writer.

N R Narayana Murthy: I have actually read all the three English books, Wise And Otherwise, How I Taught My Grandmother To Read and Old Man And The Godand I have read two or three of her Kannada books.

Anuradha SenGupta: Corporate leaders writing books have been more like a norm. Have you ever considered writing yourself?

N R Narayana Murthy: I have received many offers and many famous authors and agents have approached us at Infosys. But we have declined the offers. All of us are very reticent about talking about ourselves -- in other words, talking about Infosys in personal terms.

Anuradha SenGupta: The power of the media has been harnessed in Infosys though. Isn't it?

N R Narayana Murthy: Yes we have. In fact, we also did a media training because as I said it is all a part of our job at the end of the day.

Anuradha SenGupta: Were there any ‘don’ts’ that you were made to follow in the training?

N R Narayana Murthy: No. In fact we all sat down and decided that we don’t say anything negative about any of our competitors. Secondly, we glorify Infosys as an organisation but we all maintain a low profile. And thirdly, we do not disseminate any information which is not validated and substantiated by data.

Anuradha SenGupta:On October, 2005, Murthy quit as Chairman of Bangalore International Airport.
Reason 1- Former PM and JDS Leader HD Deve Gowda charged him with the fact that in five years' time he had done nothing to make the airport 'a reality'.
Reason 2-The then Karnataka government had not defined his role as a Chairman and the work done.
Reason 3- Deve Gowda also charged him that Infosys was allotted government land and had given back little in return.
There is one set of people who saluted you for the fact that you did not back off from your position and that you did not take anything politicians were handing out to you. Instead you resigned from the Bangalore International Airport sector. And, on the other hand, there was an opinion voiced by the young people that you sent out a wrong signal by resigning.

N R Narayana Murthy: I have a lot of respect and admiration for the youngsters and in some way, I feel that they could be right. But my case was that I was expecting the Chief Minister to give out the data on whether I had some work or not. And when he did not do that, I felt let down. It was, in fact, an emotional decision. My personal view on this is that you can add value significantly in a concrete manner to anything only if you have the goodwill towards the people who have the power.
Since I had a feeling that I would not receive the support of the authorities, I think perhaps that delayed the whole project. That's the reason why I resigned.

Anuradha SenGupta: Are you saying that there is no place for people like you and people like us in politics?

N R Narayana Murthy: No, I wouldn't say that. All that I said was my competence is limited in working with a large group of enlightened youngsters and I perhaps do a better and decent job in Infosys, which is democratic. But in the real world of today's India, which has multiple divides, I could not do very well.

Anuradha SenGupta: Are you giving up? That was not the sense that we got when you started articulating your concerns, your sense of urgency about how things are around you.

N R Narayana Murthy: No, I do not say that I have given up. I only say that I know my place. I would continue to articulate issues that are of great importance to me that I am very passionate about. And similarly, if I am asked to add value in some significant way in an area where I feel competent, I shall certainly do that. But I am not going to think that I can do things on a much larger canvas.

Anuradha SenGupta: Did you think of that earlier? Is it a question of once bitten twice shy?

N R Narayana Murthy: No, I have had many offers and requests to participate in the 'government' in various capacities, but I have always refused because I know that it's not my strength.

Anuradha SenGupta: While you have painstakingly pointed out that you may not be temperamentally suited to public life, if at all there was something you could do with your skills and experience , do you consider an ambassadorial role?

N R Narayana Murthy: No, I actually did not suggest that. It was only suggested by a wonderful journalist friend of mine. And I think that it is all in the realm of conjectures.

Anuradha SenGupta: Do you like the thought though?

N R Narayana Murthy: Whether I like the thought or not, it is really a relevant question. What is important is: Am I happy doing what I am doing? The answer is yes, I am happy doing what I am doing. And I want to continue doing what I am doing. Yes, I want to continue to do what I was doing.

Anuradha SenGupta: I have introduced the interview by saying that Infosys, the company that
Narayana Murthy built, is going 'from strength to strength'. Where is Mr Narayana Murthy
going? Besides, you are at the crossroads. Aren't you? And you have to write volume two.

N R Narayana Murthy: No, I don’t think there would be any volume two. Simply because once I retire from Infosys, it is difficult to find some thing which is as passionate as Infosys. Because I have lived, breathed this activity all my life. Infosys has been like a middle child for me. My children were born in the years 1980, 1981 and 1983 and Infosys came in between.
It would look awkward if a 60-year-old man had a child. I think that while I occupy myself with a series of small initiatives. I do not think that it will be a big-ticket item like Infosys in my life. I am building a home office near my place, which I can walk to, and I will continue my preoccupation with the various boards, various universities in India and outside and I suppose I will be as busy as I have been.

Anuradha SenGupta: Are you looking forward to it?

N R Narayana Murthy: If you mean am I looking forward to leaving Infosys? Not really. Am I looking forward to not coming every day to Infosys? No, I am not, even though I wish I could come every day. But then, this is a rule that we have decided upon. All of us to retire at the age of 60 and having made the rule, I don't think that I should not abide to it.
It will, however, be difficult to be away from the bustle of activities that take place at Infosys and also from being away from the youngsters. But this a fact of life.

Anuradha SenGupta: Mr Murthy, we wish you all the very best and we hope that you remain the angry old man and lead us by example.

N R Narayana Murthy: You are very kind and I can assure you that I am not angry. I am an old man all right, and there is no doubt that as there is data, there are facts and even your channel is capturing that. But did I sound angry?

Anuradha SenGupta: No, you did not sound angry. But in the past, you have sounded angry and that is an anger that we look forward to being displayed. Because it instills a sense of concern. It is a mirror image of a leader.

N R Narayana Murthy:: You know anger always arises out of helplessness. If you are in charge of things and if you can correct a situation and if you can do what is required of you, you will never be angry. Also, on the other hand, if you are not in a position to do nothing about anything, normally that's when you think you are helpless and your helplessness leads to anger.

Courtesy - CNN IBN

Being Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra : Inspiring Youth !

It's being called Rang De Basanti effect. A well-made film hotwired for urban youth, Rang de Basanti is one of the biggest hits so far, if producers are to be believed of the decade. The film's thunder was initially by its stars and now by real people. Today, let's meet the director, artist and filmmaker, Rakeysh Mehra.


Anuradha SenGupta: Rakeysh Mehra, the doctors have gone back to work but all of us have witnessed the anti-reservation protest over the last couple of weeks. Where do you think you are in that great debate? Does art imitate life or life imitate art?

Rakeysh Mehra: Definitely, art imitates life and there is no question about it. Whatever you do for art, in my case it is cinema, you borrow from life. It's again very entrained to see that once art has imitated life, life stars imitating arts.

Anuradha SenGupta: But what do you make of all those people who'd gone out there, who beat the media, beat even your co-producers? And Roni Screwala was quite happy with calling it the Rang De Basanti effect. Done that, haven't they?

Rakeysh Mehra: It's quite humbling to understand that people are calling it Rang De Basanti effect. I think it is too early to understand it and to analyse any thing. It's the media which is calling it that at the moment. And they have seen some similarity or they feel that the movie came at a time which served as a catalyst. It's thus given it a kind of a trigger mechanism.

Anuradha SenGupta: But you must be relieved that the end of your film didn't inspire people too much, isn't it?

Rakeysh Mehra: No, it did. I beg to defer that. The end of the film was that you take a stand and if you want to change anything, you have to change the person you stare in the mirror everyday in the morning. And that's the person you have to change. You change yourself. And gone are the times when you're kind of pointing to the establishment and sit on the fence and say, 'this is not happening, that is not happening'. So that's what the end of the film was about and I am very happy that people got it right. I was very scared that they might interpret the film wrongly.

Anuradha SenGupta: Lot of people have reacted to the film saying that they may have enjoyed parts of it but the conclusion that you may probably have to be violent to others and to yourself, is not the message they are comfortable with. How do you react to that reaction?

Rakeysh Mehra: Quite normally, I must say. It's not a politically correct film, if you are saying that. And my job is to tell stories; my job is not to be politically correct. And movies are anyway not about being politically correct.

Anuradha SenGupta: There are lots of people who consider the fact that the film might be propagating violent means to achieve a goal or to correct wrongs in the system. That is the philosophy and where do you stand on that, is what I want to know.

Rakeysh Mehra: I beg to differ because that is not the philosophy of the film. I have been touring the film all over the country, in fact, now all over the world. The film was shown in IIT, Chennai to seven and a half thousand students. They had invited us. And the response was quite huge. And believe me, Anuradha, not a single person till date has asked me where to get the license for my gun or where to buy my gun. All of them have turned around and said, 'You know what, you got a thinking somewhere deep down. It's a disturbing film in the way you told the story. And it moves us and now we want to do something'. And that's exactly what's happening when we talk about these protests on the streets and people going on emulating the film with candle marches. Everywhere, it is a very peaceful protest.

Anuradha SenGupta: Swades and Rang De Basanti, if you look at the plots and the stories, if you just look at one sentence about the film, it is about awakening your consciousness and dealing with what is around you?

Rakeysh Mehra: Absolutely, so was Gandhi and so was Naya Daur.

Anuradha SenGupta: Right now, when you compare Swades and Rang De Basanti, one captured popular imagination, the other didn't. Yours did because the end was extreme or radical?

Rakeysh Mehra: If you are comparing and you are saying that it's because of the radical nature, people have liked it more, I would beg to defer there because what Rang De was touching you on was something which is very contemporary. An emotion deep down something, which you are going through everyday. While, Swades was more generic in its approach. Swades had more of a classic 60's approach. Though I haven't spoke to Ashutosh about what his point of view was, every person has his own interpretation of his story. My daughter has a different interpretation of Rang De Basanti, and my mother has a different interpretation of it.

Anuradha SenGupta: You want to tell us what they are, the two different interpretations?

Rakeysh Mehra: My daughter loves the songs. She is seven years old. And she loves the action in the film. Seven-year-old minds can think like that. Whereas my mother thinks, 'You have done a good thing in your life and I am proud of you that. You have made a film for the country. You should not have killed the boys'. You see, she is 70 years old. So, there is a seven-year-old and a 70-year-old. So they will have their own thing out of the film.

Anuradha SenGupta: The Rang De Basanti cast and some members of the crew went to Delhi to support Medha Patkar's fast with the Narmada Bachao Andolon. What is your stand? Why did you go?

Rakeysh Mehra: To find out what's happening and Aamir had asked me to. One thing he told me was, 'Hey Rakeysh, what are you doing on 13th or 11th? I want to spend a whole day with you'. A couple of days later, I told him that I had postponed my trip. He said he was in Delhi and was passing by Jantar Mantar and that there was a crowd there.

Anuradha SenGupta: So you went because he asked you to go.

Rakeysh Mehra: Yes, he asked me.

Anuradha SenGupta: And so you spontaneously went with him.

Rakeysh Mehra: He asked me if I wanted to go or not. I said it sounded really interesting. We have been hearing this Narmada thing since I used to wear short pants in school and now I've grown old and have this white beard and it's still going on. So it sounds like a visit to me, so I thought I should go and find out what's happening.

Anuradha SenGupta: Did you feel the same kind of curiosity about the anti-quota protests that were happening? Because in a sense, it was perhaps more linked to the kind of the target group on whom you had made the film?

Rakeysh Mehra: In a sense, I was inspired by anti-quota protests daring the Mandal Commission. And I had witnessed that in Delhi. I was not a part of it because I had passed out, but all the younger brothers of my friends were there; they were getting beaten up. Prior to this, I had written a story on that called Aawaz, which I wanted to make into a film and which almost went to the floor but it didn't work out. I think a little bit of Aawaz remains in my system and a little bit of something else which kind of surfaced in Rang De.

Anuradha SenGupta: The anti-reservation protests that doctors and students across the country have launched, did you not want to spontaneously go and be a part of that or did your fingers burn after the experience of showing solidarity with the NBA?

Rakeysh Mehra: No, as a citizen of this country, if I get an opportunity to raise my voice against something which is not being heard, I will raise my voice. If at that point of time, there is a small voice inside me saying, 'Come on, go out and raise a voice against this'.

Anuradha SenGupta: Where do you stand on the reservation debate? Anti?

Rakeysh Mehra: As far as I am concerned, I think at the helm of it somewhere there is a vote bank happening. It is not an intention in its purest sense and sincerity. If I were to look at Mr Singh into his eyes, I am sure he will look away. Nobody can refuse that the backward classes have to come forward. And there has to be an abolition of the whole system, which has been going on since Manu Smriti.

Anuradha SenGupta: This move, are you saying is a calculated political move?

Rakeysh Mehra: Most of the time I think, even at the time of Mandal Commission, it was a calculated political move which is a kind of backlash stand. The Government has to fall.

Anuradha SenGupta: Do you absolutely aback by the backlash that your film saw and now subsequently Aamir's next film is seeing?

Rakeysh Mehra: No, I am not surprised, I don't expect much out of petty politics anyway, and you need a larger picture. So I am not surprised as such. You've seen it all, you have seen it right through, it's not about party politics. You saw it during Emergency.

Anuradha SenGupta: I think you have made this point in your film very very emphatically with Atul's character indeed.

Rakeysh Mehra: It was more a point on human nature. The changeover in Atul and his ideology. His ideology remains the same. But the blinkers he was wearing, kind of falls apart.

Anuradha SenGupta: You have just come back from the Cannes Film Festival. You seem like perhaps the few people who actually saw films there. How many did you see?

Rakeysh Mehra: Not many, in fact. I had stayed there for three days in all. I saw all of four to five films.

Anuradha SenGupta: You got left an impression?

Rakeysh Mehra: The movie called Volver.

Anuradha SenGupta: Tell me if you had a choice between being the most successful director, producer in India, like Yash Chopra, or to be someone like Aliandro, Inerito or Fernando Miarrals, the Brazilian, Mexican directors, who have made the mainstream big budget films but are really unknown for the work they did before, which could you chose?

Rakeysh Mehra: I'll choose a Chetan Anand or a Guru Dutt.

Anuradha SenGupta: Pyasaa is a favourite film, is not it?

Rakeysh Mehra: One of the favourites.

Anuradha SenGupta: If you have to make top three, would it be number one?

Rakeysh Mehra: Somewhere there. I think it is the most romantic story ever been told; yet it has its own kind of victory. It has got a different kind of hero. And this is very difficult to achieve. So it sounds more like a fable. Today, you become a hero not by confronting but by escaping. And it is very unique.

Anuradha SenGupta: Very romantic, isn't it?

Rakeysh Mehra: Extremely romantic. It's romancing yourself. As a reader of a story or as a story teller, it is an ultimate story to tell.

Anuradha SenGupta: In Rang De Basanti, you talked about system, the political system around us or the society around us. In the film industry, isn't there a system that really needs to be shaken up? Because we see film makers and producers and stars talking about releasing glossy films every quarter or once a month and glossier publicity campaigns and you know there is a conspiracy of silence about people walking in the film industry, who sometimes do not get paid. And there are no contracts and this is not withstanding with the corporatisation?

Rakeysh Mehra: I can see for sure, not in the movies I make. It's not an arrogant statement, but I can't work like that.

Anuradha SenGupta: It happens, isn't it, and a lot?

Rakeysh Mehra: Not now, it's changing.

Anuradha SenGupta: When I talk to professionals who have not yet arrived, who have yet not become successful individuals, they say they are taken for a ride more often than not. What one needs to understand that being taken for a tide is like right for passages if you belong to the industry.

Rakeysh Mehra: No, no, no, it's not really like that, I don't think so.

Anuradha SenGupta: Come on, you worked as an assistant director very briefly, very long back, isn't it?

Rakeysh Mehra: For two weeks.

Anuradha SenGupta: Exactly, you couldn't stick it out?

Rakeysh Mehra: Not as an assistant director, as a tea boy. Not even a tea boy, even the tea boy used to shout at me.

Anuradha SenGupta: Even more difficult, you know. And I am talking about cinematographers, editors, and people with stories like this; people with little more education than the tea boy.

Rakeysh Mehra: I will tell you what. It's a question of your self-esteem and your self-respect. If you think you have not been treated well, don't do it. I will rather starve, let my family starve rather than be shamefully treated somewhere else. So I have no issues in that, it is a very individual thing. I know of individuals, I can name you so many of them, who took a stand and today they are the most respected technicians in the industry, who said, 'No, I am not going to succumb to it. Big deal, I am not going to shoot your film. I am a cameraman, pay me my price, pay me my installments, otherwise I am not coming tomorrow morning'.

Anuradha SenGupta: You have been in public eye a lot after Rang De Basanti. You were in public eye a lot when you signed Amitabh Bachchan and you started on Aks and the BPL commercials before that. What do you believe in? Cinema?

Rakeysh Mehra: I love cinema, it's like the atmosphere I have to breath in. It is like oxygen so it's essence to your existence.

Anuradha SenGupta: Yet you sold Eureka Forbs vacuum cleaners when starting out?

Rakeysh Mehra: Had to. You have to survive; you have to earn money.

Anuradha SenGupta: Was there the passion for cinema even then?

Rakeysh Mehra: No, actually I won't say that I always wanted to make movies, I really didn't know that I wanted to make movies. That I love movies, I can tell you for sure.

Anuradha SenGupta: Lot of people know about you as a successful filmmaker, as a very successful ad film maker. Is it easy to forget about the days indeed, and there have been hard days?

Rakeysh Mehra: I don't know how to define hard days. Is hard days when you don't have the money or you don't have a house?

Anuradha SenGupta: I don't know, what would have been hard days for you? That's what I want to know.

Rakeysh Mehra: Nothing. I think there is nothing called easy and difficult, it's a process, you either enjoy it or you don't enjoy it. So, fortunately, I have enjoyed every bit of it, because that is what life is all about. While Rang De Basanti is an authentic film, it is very successful today and has got it's own trauma, got it's own price, we pay for that.

Anuradha SenGupta: Tell us a bit of that.

Rakeysh Mehra: You have to with every film you make, you have to get a part of yourself. A kind of it consumes you. And that part you can never get back. It's like the losing of your virginity. It's like motherhood, it's like losing the shape of your body with the joys of your motherhood.

Anuradha SenGupta: That's what film making is like to you?

Rakeysh Mehra: To me it comes, that is the closest I can see.

Anuradha SenGupta: Would your family at that point take a back seat? Does it happen? When you get so involved with the project?

Rakeysh Mehra: Family suffers, yes. No question about that. My daughter is seven and my son is four. I don't know where three to four and six to seven went. I have missed two years of my daughter's growing up. And I missed my son's two to four. That's ok, I guess, that's the price.

Anuradha SenGupta: I read somewhere you said that your parents ensured that you are fed and educated in a manner way beyond their means. Tell me about your parents.

Rakeysh Mehra: Doesn't each and every parent do that? Thus very little to say, you can't put it in words I guess, it's a feeling. And how to describe feelings?

Anuradha SenGupta: Did your father work in The Claridges?

Rakeysh Mehra: Oh, yes he did for a good 35 years.

Anuradha SenGupta: Tell us about that, and he has some film appearance or something?

Rakeysh Mehra: Never, ever. He loved movies and the old man is no more now. He was the one who initiated me into cinema. And he was an encyclopedia on movies in the sense he knew everything about technicians and who is the guy in the crowd and the character artists. Forget about the lead artist and the story writer. And he told me what was right in the story and what was wrong. And it was a very one-sided discussion because I had no point of view. And then I remember us getting a record player and the first LP was the sound track of Mughal-e-azam. And he used to hear it every night.

Anuradha SenGupta: Given his views on cinema, his interests, what do you think he would have rated Rang De Basanti?

Rakeysh Mehra: I know him well. If he had seen Rang De Basanti, he would have told me about Aawara or he would have told me about Mother India and said, 'You know what, ok, well tried, but I'll tell you about a good story. I think you have tried a bit too hard'.

Anuradha SenGupta: You know, you are one of the few people in India who made the transition from being an ad filmmaker to a filmmaker. Is not it a different mindset actually between the two?

Rakeysh Mehra: Advertising is like you pretty much know what you are doing, in the sense you are working under the umbrella of marketing. And you are selling something, which is very tangible. Technically, you are always a forerunner there compared to any other disc play man in the audio-visual world. Compared to movie making, advertising is always a couple of steps ahead today, because it's got too much money to get too little of communication. I have just finished the launch of commercials for Reliance with Mr Bachchan and it was great to shoot with him.

Anuradha SenGupta: What is this thing with Mr Bachchan, he is the man who got the trust easily?

Rakeysh Mehra: I guess I love him too much. It is a bonding, what can I do?

Anuradha SenGupta: You want to say he is like marijuana, is he indeed?

Rakeysh Mehra: Ya, once you get hooked to him, you get addicted. My respect for him is my admiration, my love for him as a human being. I have seen him closely and I admire him as a great human being first.

Anuradha SenGupta: You said that very emphatically and not as an actor yet?

Rakeysh Mehra: That he is the best actor in the world is secondary, but first and foremost he is a great human being. And that's what attracts not only me, but millions of people towards him.

Anuradha SenGupta: Ok, you know you are going to move on to making Delhi Six or Dilli Six, how does it say?

Rakeysh Mehra: Dilli Chhey.

Anuradha SenGupta: Yeah, Dilli Chhey. I tried to get to know a little bit about you, I believe Dilli Chhey is inspired by, in bits and pieces perhaps, by your childhood in Delhi?

Rakeysh Mehra: No, it is not autobiographical. It is absolutely wrongly quoted as of now.

Anuradha SenGupta: But your context, your growing up years, something?

Rakeysh Mehra: I know the area. Our nana-nani and dada-dadi both had their houses in Old Delhi. And that's where as a child I spent my childhood. So, I have very fond memories.

Anuradha SenGupta: So, you used the context?

Rakeysh Mehra: I am using the environment, I am using the experience and again you know the circle is round and you come back where you started. I can only draw from what I know, what my imaginations have been and what my experiences have been.

Anuradha SenGupta: Rakeysh Mehra, is it better being Rakeysh Mehra today, post Rang De Basanti compared to post Aks?

Rakeysh Mehra: Yes, definitely, sincerely and honestly, no questions about that. What it means for me is that now I will be able to tell my story the way I want to, a little more freely. See in Aks, I told the story the way I wanted to. And then it took me six years to tell my story again. There is definitely more learning.

Anuradha SenGupta: You were an ad filmmaker coming into films with Aks. Is content equal to, if not more important, than form?

Rakeysh Mehra: That's interesting as an observation. Yes, after Aks what I realise is I get along with actors, that direction comes naturally to me, in the sense, I don't have to direct them. The last thing you have to do in direction is to direct. Because the actors really know what they have to do and a music director really know what he has to do.

Anuradha SenGupta: So what is your strength? Getting the right people to get the right thing? The passion, what is it? Or knowing how to put it together?

Rakeysh Mehra: I don't know my stance yet, because I am just two films old. But what I have learnt is what really rules is the story that you are telling. What really will stay forever is the film in totality. What do you really listen to is the small voice inside you, which is your instinct. Which makes all the difference.

Anuradha SenGupta: Even when you had the first set of producers who didn't put money to sell property and to borrow at usurious rates from market?

Rakeysh Mehra: Properties are meant to be sold or bought.

Anuradha SenGupta: But you followed your instinct, then is not it?

Rakeysh Mehra: Yes, you have one life, you have to follow your own voice, I guess there is no other way of doing it.

Anuradha SenGupta: Follow your voice, Rakeysh Mehra. Thank you very much for being on Being.

Rakeysh Mehra: Thanks for having me over.

Courtesy - CNN IBN

Types of Friendship Between Guys and Girls !

Here are some of the types of friendships that exist between guys and girls.

1: The Appeaser friendship
This is when the guy is head over heals for the girl. Worships the ground she walks on. Praises her all the time. Buys her gifts for no reason.Loves to secretly smell her hair. Agrees with everything she says, and does everything in his power to see that she is happy. Now and then gets a pat on the head in return. Dreams of fathering her children - will never get farther than perhaps having to baby-sit them. Might also have aspects of aUse-and-abuse friendship.

2: Leave-you-hanging friendship
Guy sees girl. Guy thinks girl is cute. Guy becomes friends with girl.Guy tells girl his feelings for her. Girl acts surprised. Girl might say"I'm not ready for a relationship right now". Girl conveniently forgets to mention that she doesn't like him in that way, and never will for that matter. Girl and guy still remain friends. Guy is hoping girl will eventually fall for him, or will become "ready" for a relationship.Never happens. Girl is just happy with the attention he lavishes on her - ego boost.

3: The Missed-Chance friendship
Guy and girl are great friends. There always was a spark, the chemistry was there. For reasons unknown to them, they always held a special place in each other's lives. No one acted upon it though, and before you know it,girl gets married. Guy is still friends with girl - thinks the world ofher. Friendship grows even stronger.

4: The Relationship-that's-not-quite-a-relationship friendship
Guy and girl think they are best friends. While in actual fact, they are in a non-physical relationship. They do everything a couple does. Go to movies together, have candle-light dinners, strolls on the beach, endless phone conversations etc etc. But no one has admitted their feelings. Both are in denial that there is anything but a friendship going on. The rest of theworld is sure they are going out. For the life of them, they can'tunderstand why.

5: The Use-and-abuse friendship
Guy is in love with girl. Girl knows this and loves the power she has.Takes advantage of poor guy, who is more than happy that he can be off service to her. Girl uses guy cruelly, and the best part is, she gets him to 'volunteer' to do things for her. How? "I have to drop off my dirty laundry to the laundromat. But I'm so tired. I wish I didn't have togo?"Followed by fluttering of the eyes. Before you can say "use-and-abuse",guyis already racing to the laundromat with her clothes.

6: The Complain-a-friend friendship
This is where the girl only remembers the guy, when she needs to complain about something. She calls him, or meets him, simply to vent about her problems. Guy may try to slip in something about himself, but girl is too self-absorbed to realise that, and brings the topic back to her problems.Girl keeps guy in check by telling him what a great listener he is, and none of her other friends are like that. Guy gets his doggy biscuit.

7: The By-my-rules-only friendship
This friendship can be in conjunction with any of the other types of friendships. Girl will only meet guy on her terms. Girl has full rights to cancel appointments that she made herself last minute. Girl also doesn'tneed to return any calls made by the guy, but guy must be available at the snap of her fingers. Guy should expect nothing, except what girl decides to offer him. Take it or leave it.

8: The cozy friendship
This is when guy and girl are great friends. They're totally comfortable in each other's company, and have deep respect and trust for each other.They can speak their mind, and be at ease with silence. They don't get overly emotional, and respect each others space and time. Can talk about absolutely anything under the sun. Guy and girl don't think of each other in a romantic way - never crosses their mind. Has the potential to become ugly if one of them does start developing feelings.

9: The Hit-and-run friendship
This is an explosive friendship. Guy and girl become friends very quickly.They spend an insane amount of time together, and really dig each other's company. Guy thinks girl likes him, and is leading him on. Makes his move and professes his love for her. She runs like there is no tomorrow.

Appendix: The ex-lover friendship
This type of friendship doesn't exist. Don't fool yourselves. A guy and girl can't be just friends if they had a history together.

Note - Got this as a forwarded message.

Out of Office E-Mail Auto-Reply - Cool Ones !

"Out-Of-Office" E-Mail Auto-Reply:

1: I am currently out at a job interview and will reply to you if I fail to get the position. Be prepared for my mood.

2: I'm not really out of the office. I'm just ignoring you.

3: You are receiving this automatic notification because I am out of the office. If I was in, chances are you wouldn't have received any thing at all.

4: Sorry to have missed you but I am at the doctors having my brain removed so that I may be promoted to management

5: I will be unable to delete all the unread, worthless emails you send me until I return from vacation on 4/18. Please be patient and your mail will be deleted in the order it was received.

6: Thank you for your email. Your credit card has been charged $5.99 for the first ten words and $1.99 for each additional word in your message.

7: The e-mail server is unable to verify your server connection and is unable to deliver this message. Please restart your computer and try sending again.'(The beauty of this is that when you return, you can see how many in-duh-viduals did this over and over).

8: Thank you for your message, which has been added to a queueing system. You are currently in 352nd place, and can expect to receive a reply in approximately 19 weeks.

9: Please reply to this e-mail so I will know that you got this message.I am on holiday. Your e-mail has been deleted.

10: Hi. I'm thinking about what you've just sent me. Please wait by your PC for my response.

11: Hi! I'm busy negotiating the salary for my new job. Don't bother to leave me any messages.

12: I've run away to join a different circus.

AND, FINALLY, THIS ONE TAKES THE CAKE :

13: I will be out of the office for the next 2 weeks for medical reasons. When I return, please refer to me as 'Loretta' instead of 'Steve'.

An Interesting Conversation !

An atheist professor of philosophy speaks to his class on the problem science has with God, The Almighty.

He asks one of his new students to stand and .....
Prof: So you believe in God?
Student: Absolutely, sir.
Prof: Is God good?
Student: Sure.
Prof: Is God all-powerful?
Student: Yes.
Prof: My brother died of cancer even though he prayed to God to heal him. Most of us would attempt to help others who are ill. But God didn't. How is this God good then? Hmm?
(Student is silent.)
Prof: You can't answer, can you? Let's start again, young fellow. Is God good? Student: Yes.
Prof: Is Satan good?
Student: No.
Prof: Where does Satan come from?
Student: From...God...
Prof: That's right. Tell me son, is there evil in this world?
Student: Yes.
Prof: Evil is everywhere, isn't it? And God did make everything. Correct?
Student: Yes.
Prof: So who created evil?
Student does not answer.
Prof: Is there sickness? Immorality? Hatred? Ugliness? All these terrible things exist in the world, don't they?
Student: Yes, sir.
Prof: So, who created them?
Student has no answer.
Prof: Science says you have 5 senses you use to identify and observe the world around you. Tell me, son...Have you ever seen God?
Student: No, sir.
Prof: Tell us if you have ever heard your God?
Student: No, sir.
Prof: Have you ever felt your God, tasted your God, smelt your God? Have you ever had any sensory perception of God for that matter?
Student: No, sir. I'm afraid I haven't.
Prof: Yet you still believe in Him?
Student: Yes.
Prof: According to empirical, testable, demonstrable protocol, science says your GOD doesn't exist. What do you say to that, son?
Student: Nothing. I only have my faith.
Prof: Yes. Faith. And that is the problem science has.
Student: Professor, is there such a thing as heat?
Prof: Yes.
Student: And is there such a thing as cold?
Prof: Yes.
Student: No sir. There isn't.
(The lecture theatre becomes very quiet with this turn of events.)
Student: Sir, you can have lots of heat, even more heat, superheat, mega heat, white heat, a little heat or no heat. But we don't have anything called cold. We can hit 458 degrees below zero which is no heat, but we can't go any further after that. There is no such thing as cold. Cold is only a word we use to describe the absence of heat. We cannot measure cold. Heat is energy. Cold is not the opposite of heat, sir, just the absence of it.
(There is pin-drop silence in the lecture theatre.)
Student: What about darkness, Professor? Is there such a thing as darkness?
Prof: Yes. What is night if there isn't darkness?
Student: You're wrong again, sir. Darkness is the absence of something. You can have low light, normal light, bright light, flashing light....But if you have no light constantly, you have nothing and it's called darkness, isn't it? In reality, darkness isn't. If it were you would be able to make darkness darker, wouldn't you?
Prof: So what is the point you are making, young man?
Student: Sir, my point is your philosophical premise is flawed.
Prof: Flawed? Can you explain how?
Student: Sir, you are working on the premise of duality. You argue there is life and then there is death, a good God and a bad God. You are viewing the concept of God as something finite, something we can measure. Sir, science can't even explain a thought. It uses electricity and magnetism, but has never seen, much less fully understood either one.
To view death as the opposite of life is to be ignorant of the fact that death cannot exist as a substantive thing. Death is not the opposite of life: just the absence of it.
Now tell me, Professor. Do you teach your students that they evolved from a monkey?
Prof: If you are referring to the natural evolutionary process, yes, of course, I do.
Student: Have you ever observed evolution with your own eyes, sir? (The Professor shakes his head with a smile, beginning to realize where the argument is going.)
Student: Since no one has ever observed the process of evolution at work and cannot even prove that this process is an on-going endeavor, are you not teaching your opinion, sir? Are you not a scientist but a preacher? (The class is in uproar.)
Student: Is there anyone in the class who has ever seen the Professor's brain? (The class breaks out into laughter.)
Student: Is there anyone here who has ever heard the Professor's brain, felt it, touched or smelt it? No one appears to have done so. So, according to the established rules of empirical, stable, demonstrable protocol, science says that you have no brain, sir.
With all due respect, sir, how do we then trust your lectures, sir?
(The room is silent. The professor stares at the student, his face unfathomable.)
Prof: I guess you'll have to take them on faith, son.
Student: That is it sir... The link between man & god is FAITH. That is all that keeps things moving & alive.

Want to know who the Student was ??

Any Guesses...

This is a true story, and the student was none other than... Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, the present president of India.

Saying the Right Things While Drunk - Priceless !

Martin wakes up at home with a huge hangover. He forces himself to open his eyes, and the first thing he sees is a couple of aspirins and a glass of water on the side table. He sits down and sees his clothing infront of him, all clean and pressed.Martin looks around the room and sees that it is in perfect order,spotless, clean. So is the rest of the house. He takes the aspirin sand notices a note on the table. "Honey, breakfast is on the stove, I left early to go shopping. Love You!"So he goes to the kitchen and sure enough there is a hot breakfast and the morning newspaper. His son is also at the table, eating. Martin asks, "Son, what happened last night?"His son says, "Well, you came home around 3 AM, drunk and delirious. Broke some furniture, puked in the hallway, and gave yourself a black eye when you stumbled into the door."Confused, Martin asks, "So, why is everything in order and so clean, and breakfast is on the table waiting for me? I should expect a big quarrel with her!"His son replies, "Oh, that! Mom dragged you to the bedroom, and when she tried to take your clothes n shoes off, you said, "Lady leave me alone! I'm married!"

Women's Favourite E-Mail of the Year !

A man was sick and tired of going to work every day while his wife stayed home. He wanted her to see what he went through so he prayed:"Dear Lord:I go to work every day and put in 8 hours while my wife merely stays at home.I want her to know what I go through, so please allow her body to switch with mine for a day. Amen.God, in his infinite wisdom, granted the man's wish. The next morning,sure enough, the man awoke as a woman.He arose, cooked breakfast for his mate, awakened the kids, Set out their school clothes, fed them breakfast, packed their lunches, Drove them to school, came home and picked up the dry cleaning, took it to the cleaners....And stopped at the bank to make a deposit, went grocery shopping, Then drove home to put away the groceries, Paid the bills and balanced the checkbook.He cleaned the cat's litter box and bathed the dog.Then it was already 1 P.M. and he hurried to make the beds, do the laundry,vacuum, dust, and sweep and mop the kitchen floor. Ran to the school to pick up the kids and got into an argument with them on the way home.Set out milk and cookies and got the kids organized to do their homework,Then set up the ironing board and watched TV while he did the ironing.At 4:30 he began peeling potatoes and washing vegetables for salad,breaded the pork chops and snapped fresh beans for supper. Aftersupper,he cleaned the kitchen, ran the dishwasher, folded laundry, bathed the kids, and put them to bed. At 9 P.M. he was exhausted and, though his daily chores weren't finished, he went to bed where he was expected to make love,which he managed to get through without complaint.The next morning, he awoke and immediately knelt by the bed and said,Lord,I don't know what I was thinking. I was so wrong to envy my wife's being able to stay home all day. Please, oh please, let us trade back."The Lord, in his infinite wisdom, replied, "My son, I feel you have learned your lesson and I will be happy to change things back to the way they were.You'll just have to wait nine months, though. You got pregnant last night.

"Voted : Women's Favorite Email of the Year

How to Diasble Stolen Cell Phones ?

To check your Mobile phone’s serial number, key in the following digits on your phone:

*#06#

A 15 digit code will appear on the screen. This number is unique to your handset. Write it down and keep it somewhere safe. when your phone get stolen, you can phone your service provider and give them this code.They will then be able to block your handset so even if the thief changes the SIM card, your phone will be totally useless.

You probably won’t get your phone back, but at least you know that whoever stole it can’t use/sell it either. If everybody does this, there would be no point in people stealing mobile phones.

Banta's Java Interview !

Java Interview attended by our Banta Singh :

Q. What is the difference between an Abstract class and Interface?
A. Terms are different ... nothing more

Q. What is JFC ?
A. Jilebi, Fanta & Coffee

Q. Explain 2 tier and 3 -tier Architecture ?
A. Two wheelers like scooters will have 2 tyres and autorickshaws will have 3 tyres.

Q. I want to store more than 10 objects in a remote server ? Which methodology will follow ?
A. Send it through courier.

Q. Can I modify an object in CORBA ?
A. As you wish , I do not have any objections.

Q. How to communicate 2 threads each other ?
A. Non living things can't communicate.

Q. What is meant by flickering ?
A. Closing and opening of eyes at girls.

Q. Explain RMI Architecture?
A. I am a computer professional not an architect student.

Q. What is the use of Servlets ?
A. In hotels, they can replace servers.

Q. What is the dif ference between Process and Threads ?
A. Threads are small ropes. Make a rope from threads is an example for process.

Q. When is update method called ?
A. Who is update method?

Q. What is JAR file ?
A. File that can be kept inside a jar.

Q. What is JINI ?
A. A ghost which was Aladdin's friend.

Q. How will you call an Applet from a Java Script?
A. I will give invitation.

Q. How you can know about drivers and database information ?
A. I will go and enquire in the bus dep ot.

Q. What is serialization ?
A. Arranging one after the other from left to right.

Q. What is bean ? Where it can be used ?
A. A kind of vegetable. In kitchens for cooking they can be used.

Q. Write down how will you create a binary Tree ?
A. When we sow a binary seed , a binary tree will grow.

Q. What is the exact diffe rence between Unicast and Multicast object ?
A. If in a society, if there is only one caste, then it is Unicast, else it is multicast